The used electric vehicle (used EV) market presents a compelling opportunity for budget-conscious buyers looking to make the switch to electric mobility. Electric vehicles, particularly luxury models, often experience significant depreciation, making them an attractive option compared to their gasoline-powered counterparts. However, the primary concern for potential used EV buyers revolves around battery health and remaining range. Understanding the real-world range of a used EV is crucial in making an informed purchasing decision.
Depreciation in EVs is influenced by factors such as technological advancements, battery degradation, and evolving consumer preferences. As newer models with improved range and features enter the market, older EVs tend to lose value more rapidly. This creates an opportunity for savvy buyers to acquire a previously expensive EV at a fraction of its original cost. However, it also necessitates a careful evaluation of the vehicle’s battery condition to ensure it meets the buyer’s range requirements.
To illustrate the real-world range of a used EV, let’s consider a 2014 Tesla Model S 85. The Fast Lane EV acquired this vehicle for $13,000. This particular Model S had over 100,000 miles on the odometer and still retained its original battery pack. While the absence of a battery warranty might deter some buyers, the new owners were keen to assess its daily usability and range capabilities.
The 2014 Tesla Model S 85 originally had an EPA-estimated range of 265 miles when new. To determine the extent of battery degradation, The Fast Lane EV team conducted a real-world range test. They charged the car to 99%, which displayed an estimated range of 274 miles on the dashboard. The test involved driving a 111-mile loop around Denver, Colorado, twice, primarily at a constant speed of 75 miles per hour, with a small portion driven at lower, in-town speeds. The results were quite revealing.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Miles Driven | 233.6 miles |
| Energy Used | 63.3 kWh |
| Average Energy Efficiency | 3.69 miles/kWh (271 Wh/mile) |
The results of the range test indicated that the 11-year-old Tesla Model S 85 retained a significant portion of its original range. The 233.6 miles driven represented only about a 12% reduction from the original 265-mile EPA rating. Furthermore, the car still indicated 10 miles of remaining range after the test. It’s important to note that the EPA cycle incorporates both highway and city driving, and the test was primarily conducted at highway speeds. Slower speeds would likely have yielded even greater range.
While the performance of this particular Model S is impressive, it’s essential to recognize that not all used EVs are created equal. Battery degradation is influenced by various factors, including charging habits, climate, and usage patterns. EVs that have been consistently fast-charged or exposed to extreme temperatures may exhibit greater battery degradation. Therefore, a thorough inspection and battery health assessment are crucial when considering a used EV purchase. Just as with combustion-powered vehicles, the condition and maintenance history significantly impact the long-term performance and reliability of an electric car.
